Another 21/01/20 What did Lavrenty Beria in the Great Patriotic
Beria in 1930-40-ies was one of the most influential party members in the country. Not surprisingly, his activities during the great Patriotic war did not go unnoticed.
Evacuation
during the war, Beria had held high positions in the State Committee of defense (GKO), he was a permanent Advisor of the Supreme command, Deputy Chairman of the Council of people’s Commissars and people’s Commissar of internal Affairs. The level of responsibility it actually was the second after Stalin’s man in the country. This is determined by the degree of involvement in those spheres of activities, which largely depended on the outcome of the war with Germany.
However, the contribution of Beria to the Victory began long before the war. From 1939 to 1941 with his direct participation in the Urals and in Siberia was built over 2000 production areas, where in case of war had to be evacuated industrial enterprises. On 22 June 1941, the Soviet leadership fears confirmed – immediately after the invasion of German troops began the evacuation of strategically important enterprises.
In a matter of months under the control of the NKVD to the East of the country had deployed more than 1.5 thousand enterprises and about one million people: thousands of trains coming one after the other at a distance the braking distance under continuous shelling and bombing, managed to take almost all the equipment in the rear.
Border
In the early days of the war the brunt of the German divisions was assumed by Soviet border guards. And nowhere throughout the Western borders were no recorded cases of unauthorized abandonment of position or desertion. Frontier fought selflessly and organized, with heavy losses they managed for a few days, or even weeks to slow down the advance of the enemy.
the border guards were part of the office of the NKVD, I WAALIS at altitude in particular due to good armament. Historians see in this the great merit of Beria, prudently ordered before the start of the conflict to provide border guards with automatic weapons.
the Son of Lavrenty Pavlovich, Sergo Beria, noted that the feat of border guards were based, she not only courage and heroism, but also at a good level of military training and supply of troops. According to Sergei Lavrent’evich, his father made sure that each frontier had abundance of artillery and anti-tank guns.
Special group
June 22, 1941, in active work and joined the Soviet secret service. On the first day of the war in the bowels of the NKVD, was formed a Special group, which consisted of reconnaissance and sabotage activities behind enemy lines. On account of the legendary detectives of Pavel Sudoplatov and Nahum Eitington, the direct subordinate of Beria, was not one successful operation.
Interesting fact. When Sudoplatov and Eitingon proposed Beria to release from the camps state security officers, citing the lack of qualified personnel, the Commissar asked: “have you no enemies of the people not do it?”. The answer was “No.” According to Sudoplatov, “simplicity in the solution of human lives clearly manifested in the reaction of Beria to our proposal”. He complied with their request, and the necessary footage was immediately drawn to the work of a Special group.
Elena Prudnikova in the book “Beria, the last knight of Stalin” gives the following statistics reflecting the work of internal forces: in the German rear during the entire period of the war, there were 2222 task force, the NKVD – NKGB, of which about 600 fought in the partisan units, while the saboteurs have destroyed 229 thousand German soldiers and officers, blew 2852 tier and 1326 highway and railway bridges.
Marked internal troops and in the last months of the war, conducting sweeps of areas that were released on the eve of the regular units of the red army. And to clear Eastern Europe was from here still wandering remnants of subsectiontions of the Wehrmacht and collaborators and nationalists of various stripes. And these jobs, on the orders of Beria, went the soldiers of the NKVD, who have served at least a year, because such work was often harder than the front.
the Rear
June 30, 1941, Lavrenti Beria is also incorporated into t-bills, and six months later it lay an extremely wide range of duties, which includes monitoring the production of tanks, planes, ammunition and weapons, monitoring the work of petroleum, coal, chemical, rubber, electrical industries and smelters. He also oversaw the work of water and rail transport.
In January 1943, the SS official newspaper, Das Schwarze Korps (“the Black corps”) wrote: “it Seems by some miracle that out of the vast steppes appear more and more masses of people and technology. As if some great magician had fashioned from the Ural clay technique in any quantity”.
Working Beria in the field of manufacture of weapons and ammunition, and also supplies the front was awarded the high government awards: in September 1943 he was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labour, and on July 9, 1945, Marshal of the Soviet Union.
Kavkazsky Uzel
we All know that in 1943-44 the years, Beria was one of the initiators of the deportation of many of the North Caucasian peoples – the Kurds, Chechens, Ingush, Karachai, however, few people know that in summer-autumn of 1942 the people’s Commissar came to the Caucasus to carry out other tasks. It was a working trip Beria as the Plenipotentiary representative of the State Defense Committee on the Transcaucasian front.
For leadership of the Third Reich the Caucasus were among the priority regions in the future to fill the shortage of supplies of food, oil and other raw materials. Until November 1942, that is the Caucasus, not Stalingrad direction was considered a priority in German military policy.
Hitler gave up on the Caucasus as part of army group “A” more than 170 thousand people, more than 1100 tanks, 4.5 thousand guns and mortars and about 1 thousand. Semyon Budyonny, reporting to headquarters, noted the acute shortage of forces and means for defense of such an important region. According to Marshall, there were only 24 thousand active men, 94 aircraft and no tanks. At the end was ammunition, medicines and food.
from the first days of his visit to the Caucasus, Beria ordered to establish a supply of troops. Special attention was paid to the soldiers who fought in the passes, urging them to increase the nutritional value of the ration by adding into the diet of condensed milk and chocolate. Virtually every arrival of Beria to the location of the pumped personnel changes that were necessary step in the ever-changing combat situation. And on August 31, 1942 Rate and Stalin personally supported the initiative of Beria to combine two fronts – North and South Caucasian. Time confirmed the correctness of this decision.
Taras Repin
Source:
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