History 21/02/20 “the Battle for the Kremlin”: what ended the first battle of the Civil war
In October 1917 one of the main symbols of Russia Moscow the Kremlin has come under strong fire of heavy artillery. This time the heart of Moscow was destroyed not an external enemy, but the revolutionaries, who, unlike the Petrograd met in the old capital of Russia organized resistance. Most historians believe the fighting in the streets of Moscow beginning of the Civil war.
a Revolutionary situation in Moscow
In Moscow, it was quiet small garrison, and he himself was proud not industrial, and merchant and of the proletariat was much less than in the capital. That is why the mood of the Moscow Bolsheviks, led by Viktor Noviny was weaker than that of the Petrograd comrades, who were supported by the numerous garrison, the masses of workers and sailors.
the Bolshevik Rewenko was not able to negotiate with the Committee of public safety, headed by the mayor Rudnev and commander of the Moscow district Colonel by rabanim. Oil to fire was added to 900 soldiers, who during the October revolution, was released from Moscow prisons. Previously, they refused to go to the front for that he was imprisoned, and was characterized by radicalism and irreconcilability to the enemies of the revolution.
After 25 October 1917, the Bolsheviks took power in Petrograd, Moscow comrades, too, decided to act. The night was armed with 10-12 thousand workers, soldiers, and the factories and the garrison sent emissaries urging people to support the revolution. Against the Bolsheviks was made by cadets, officers and students. Both sides have to act and take positions around the city.
Start fighting
the Morning of October 28 at the request of Colonel Ryabtseva revolutionary soldiers agreed to surrender the Kremlin and the fortress included two companies of cadets. According to the official Soviet version, the soldiers themselves surrendered their weapons, after which plaitestablishments were built and opened on them fire from machine guns and rifles. Just killed 300 soldiers. According to another version, the soldiers saw that the Kremlin is composed of cadets and decided to obtain weapons. In the walls of the fortress began shooting, which killed six cadets and two hundred soldiers.
Attempt to conclude a truce failed, and Moscow starts a full-fledged fighting with barricades, ambushes, and trenches, overlying the Central streets of the ancient capital of the Russian state. Get the best of the Bolsheviks was helped by the presence of guns and the constant reinforcement from the working-class suburbs of the city. By the end of October, the revolutionaries surrendered to the cadet corps of the Moscow Alekseevskoe military school.
the Shelling of the Kremlin
By 1 November Juncker kept only the Kremlin, in which the Bolsheviks opened heavy artillery fire. Shots were fired stupid and bad shells, leading to major destruction. Among Muscovites, there were rumors that the Jewish Bolsheviks specifically firing at the Cathedral of the Kremlin, although in reality the leaders of the uprising tried to dissuade the guards from the shelling, but they were angry at cadets and their leaders didn’t listen. The soldiers intended shot rifles outhouses icon of the Kremlin.
3 Nov Juncker left the fortress, and across Moscow has begun their disarmament is often followed by executions. Despite the ceasefire, the fighting has not stopped. All night, 3 November a small group of cadets continued resistance and even took the offensive against the enemy. In the morning the red guards entered the Kremlin, having lost three fighters.
After the attack
the attack injured Ivan the Great bell tower, Uspensky and Annunciation cathedrals, Patriarchal sacristy, walls and some towers of the Kremlin, as well as the surrounding town houses. When the fighting subsided, the prisoners were opponents of the Bolsheviks dismissed on houses, many of them went to the don, where was about white power. Just the battle for Moscow was lost up to 1 thousand people from both sides.
the walls The Kremlin has buried 238 of red, and 40 cadets laid to rest in a mass grave. Their funeral was accompanied by mass procession under the impressions, from which Vertinsky folded the poem “what I have to say,” dedicated to the lost boys cadets. In these battles, the opponents of the revolution in opposition to the red guards called the white guard. The country has painted itself in different colors, and it became clear that Russia faces an implacable civil war and massive casualties.
Russian Seven
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