History 31/12/19 Pavel Sudoplatov: what Khrushchev planted for 15 years, the best commandos of the USSR
Opinion of Paul Sudoplatova, given the specificity of its activities, often draped from the market. It could be called “Stalinist butcher” and “the chief operative in the country,” he offered for a brilliant counter-terrorism operation, but at the same time accused in the killings of innocent citizens.
Almost all the key events associated with the work of Soviet special authorities from 1932 to 1953, one way or another are related to Pavel Sudoplatov. He stood at the head of all operations aimed at the defeat of the nationalist movement in Ukraine, organized during the war of sabotage and intelligence work in the German rear played an active role in curbing the activities of Trotskyist organizations, was involved in atomic espionage.
In 1953, Sudoplatov was arrested. Conspiracy charges against the top leadership of the country and the restoration of capitalism was clearly false, but understandable: the new regime of man “sullied” themselves by collaborating with Stalin and Beria were not needed.
And then there was the investigation that revealed not less grave crimes sudoplatova. According to Prosecutors, the head of external intelligence was involved in the organization and implementation of several high-profile murders, including the Bishop of Mukachevo Greek Catholic eparchy, Theodore (Romzha, the), the Ukrainian revolutionary Alexander Shumsky, a Polish engineer Naum Samet, Director Solomon Mikhoels and the American Communist Isaiah Ahinsa.
Much later it became known that the elimination of the Romzha, among other leaders of the party insisted Khrushchev. Without a doubt, it was one of the reasons to remove sudoplatova, who having on Nikita Sergeyevich compromising enough, could in a moment destroy his political career. But to shoot the chief saboteur of the USSR after Beria did not. Too significant was its role during the great Patriotic war, too great service to the country. The resonance caused by the execution of Pavel Anatolyevich, could painfully strike on image of Khrushchev.
In September 1958, the Military Collegium of the USSR Supreme court sentenced Pavel Sudoplatov to 15 years of imprisonment for participation in the preparation of the coup, aiding Beria, the implementation of experiments on human beings, kidnapping and multiple murders. Five years sentence by the court, Sudoplatov had already left, being on treatment in the Leningrad special psychiatric hospital.
the Remaining 10 years Sudoplatov held in Vladimir Central, a part of which he spent together with his Deputy, Nahum Eitingon. Former operative sent about 40 petitions for pardon, but no response to any of them and have not received. “My cellmates mocked the legal arguments of my petitions, recalled Pavel Anatolyevich. – Because the laws and the struggle for power are incompatible.”
a Chance for rehabilitation sudoplatova appeared in 1964, after Khrushchev’s removal. Soviet investigators has written to the new Secretary-General Brezhnev’s request for reconsideration of the legendary spy, but got an unexpected answer: “do Not go in their Affairs!”. The political situation in the USSR then still not conducive to the rehabilitation of comrade Beria.
After serving the prescribed time Pavel Sudoplatov was released in 1968, deeply sick person, moving by the time three heart attacks and being blind in one eye. The country was different, but the name of sudoplatova was still under the ban: it was preferred not to write and not to remember. However, he was allowed to be published, but only under a pseudonym.
the Former intelligence officer continued to achieve rehabilitation and, apparently, in the early 1980s, a chance fell. Gained political weight of the head of the KGB Yuri Andropov was not against the retrial of those who in the past has linked his activities with the KGB. Sudoplatov was one of the first, but his rehabilitation Prefeating inevitable conflict with the Prosecutor General of the USSR Roman Rudenko, who participated in the sudoplatova in the 53rd Against the rehabilitation sudoplatova objected and main ideologist of the country Suslov, believing that it will damage the image of the Central Committee.
However, we can assume that the tacit rehabilitation of sudoplatova occurred under Brezhnev. He was allowed to be treated in government health facilities and rest in sanatoriums for members of the Politburo. But full rehabilitation of the Sudoplatov waited only with the collapse of the Soviet Union in early 1992. Two years later, after the death of Pavla, in 1998, President Boris Yeltsin signed a decree “on the restoration of Lieutenant-General sudoplatova rights to state awards”.
Today, many are concerned about justice for the rehabilitation of Paul sudoplatova. They think that if restored his “good name”, why not to review the case of Beria and other prominent figures of the Stalinist era, accused of anti-state and anti-people policies. All the complexity is that it is often impossible to identify a balance between the benefits brought by a particular worker to the state and degree of involvement of it in the work of the repressive state apparatus, destroyed its own people. Apparently in the case of sudoplatova his merit outweigh any accusations of deliberate murder of civilians, which had no relation neither to external nor to internal enemies.
According to the Russian historian, member of the scientific-information center “memorial” Nikita Petrov, in 1992, he was a mess, associated with the collapse of the USSR, the staff of the Chief military Prosecutor’s office took advantage of the change of government and held a successful procedure for the rehabilitation of Sudoplatov and Eitington.
Petrov calls the decision a mistake, as crimes Sudoplatov, in his words, was proved “in the course of the trial, corroborated by evidence and written documents”. In particular, in Sudoplatov’s guilt was imputed to human experimentation to identify efficiency action of toxic substances and poisons, is under control of the 4th Department of the NKVD, which he headed, were bacteriological and Toxicological laboratory.
He Sudoplatov in his memoirs, confirms the role played in his rehabilitation by the military Prosecutor. According to a former intelligence officer, he was told the following: “If I had not rehabilitated you, archival materials would show that I have one partner concealing the truth about the secret springs of the power struggle in the Kremlin in 30–50 years”.
According to Sudoplatov, after the collapse of the Soviet Union changed the political situation in the country and the military courts no longer had to rely on “orders from above”. An important role, according to a former intelligence officer, to review his case played oblivion the name of Khrushchev and the advent of the new generation of politicians that emerged after the generation of statesmen who were involved in state terror.
Taras Repin
Source:
© Russian Seven
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