History 30/12/19 Why the Red Army lost the Kursk battle in 1942
Kursk-Oboyan operation 1941-1942 years called main in the winter counteroffensive of the red army of this period. The opinions of Russian historians about its significance is ambiguous.
Hitler’s Intent failed
Colonel-General Georgy Krivosheev, under whose editorship the book “Russia and USSR in wars of XX century. Losses of the armed forces. Statistical study”, referring to the scale of this battle is concluded: the Kursk defensive operation (in General) were the key period of the battle of Kursk, bled and stopped the onslaught of the percussion group of the Wehrmacht. Thus was prepared the ideal conditions for the offensive of the red army in two key areas – the Orel and Belgorod-Kharkov. In the end Hitler’s plan, which involved the defeat of the red Army in the Kursk area, was not realized. In the Kursk operation involved 3 front: Central, Voronezh and Steppe (more than 1.2 million troops).
what was Oboyanskaya minus operation
According to the candidate of historical Sciences Vitaliy Pankiv studied data for that operation based on the Soviet archives, a number of facts testify to the significant deficiencies of the stage of the Kursk-Oboyan operation. Happy 40th army, according to Pankov, are not effectively supported by the air force, her attacks were not of massive nature that have influenced the character of the Soviet offensive, reducing its intensity. These preconditions, according to Vitaliy Pankiv has played a negative role in the Kursk-Oboyan operations – air operations were often uncoordinated, with the onset of the infantry formations have resulted in “disastrous results”: the offensive of the red army proved fruitless. A historian among the reasons for such a miscalculation in the actions of the domestic aviation notes her lack of experience (at the time) in the conduct of operations andarmeiskogo and the front of the scale. Pankov stressed that the Luftwaffe at Kursk-Oboyan operation (January – February 1942) showed himself to be more prepared.
Simon Smith: the strategy initially was incorrect
Semyon Ivanov – chief of several armies of the red army since December, 1942 – South-West, Voronezh, 1-St Ukrainian, Transcaucasian and 3rd Ukrainian fronts. Voronezh front was involved in the Kursk-Oboyan battle.
According to Ivanov, the operation strategically, the red army did not bring the Soviet troops after a massive military action, ultimately actually remained in their positions. Ivanov in his memoirs, “the headquarters of the army, headquarters front,” wrote that during the offensive at this stage of the Kursk offensive was not taken into account the power of the enemy: in his opinion, unwise were concentrated the forces of the three armies of the red army, they lacked the necessary forces to enhance the counter. The task was to master three cities – Kursk, Belgorod and Oboyan.
meanwhile, the enemy had a superiority in weapons and armed forces, the Germans set up a heavy defense, they had a significant artillery advantage. In addition, during the counter-offensive of the Soviet troops played a role adverse weather conditions.
Oboyanskaya operation is still a matter of controversy, it is in the history of the great Patriotic war is not studied enough. According to published reports, the Soviet side in these battles killed more than 10 thousand people (the loss of the Wehrmacht is not made public). According to the report of hostilities in the South-Western front, the failure Oboyanskaya operations due to the fact that the troops carried out an unsuccessful command (at 40-th army and divisions), was bad intelligence, and the troops themselves were unprepared. In addition, control of them during the battle, badly. General of the army, Semyon Ivanov, hero of the Soviet Union, one of the few military historians who mentioned the shortcomings of this operation. In devanastye years, among the surviving commanders of the participants of those events there was anyone who could present an alternative version of the Kursk-Oboyan battle.
Nicholas Syromyatnikov
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