History 10/01/20 What harm did Serbia for Russia in the twentieth century
Political relations between Russia and Serbia, as these countries were not called in different historical periods, were different. Was no exception and eventful twentieth century, when two fraternal Slavic people managed to show the world how its unity, and to be on different sides of the barricades.
the Rejection of communism
the First time a sharp break of strong Russian-Serbian relations, which developed during the nineteenth century at the time of the famous Balkan wars, when the Russian Empire contributed to the liberation of the Serbs from the yoke of the Ottoman Empire, occurred immediately after the First World war.
Formed on 1 December 1918, after the fall of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes refused to recognize the accomplished in Russia in the 1917 Bolshevik revolution. Negatively referring to Communist ideas, the authorities of the Balkan tumors through its Prime Minister Stoyan Protica established in may 1919, the contact with the Omsk government of Admiral Kolchak and official note informed him of recognition as the legitimate ruler of Russia. The word more than any country in the world officially had diplomatic relations with the participants of the White movement.
an Ardent anti-Communist king Alexander I Karadjordjevic opened the country’s doors to 70 of thousands of white Russians, including Peter Wrangel, allowing him to organize in exile Russian paramilitary organization.
In 1929, the Balkan state has changed its name to Kingdom of Yugoslavia, however, to modify the foreign policy was not going to. Yugoslavia ignored the USSR in 20-e years when he was found in almost all countries of the world, and in 1934, being the only area of the Balkan Peninsula did not have diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union.
Only in 1940 The Kingdom of Yugoslavia changed its position when facing the threat of fascism, its new leaders still accepted the existence of the Soviet Union and signed an agreement on military assistance in the case of Hitler’s attack.
the Conflict for the championship
Developed during the Second World war, relations between Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union reached a peak in 1945, when the authorities in the country came the Communist Josip Broz Tito. But instead of an understanding between the allies in the ideological camp as a lump began to grow controversies. The cause of constant conflict was the unwillingness of Tito to obey Stalin and become his puppet. The Yugoslav leader wanted to create his own independent Communist state, which would include all the countries of the Balkan Peninsula, including Bulgaria and Albania, and Stalin, pursuing the same goals, did not want to let go of the reins and allowed the freedom to associate. He was rushing to a disadvantage of independence in the international arena ally, because by 1948, their relationship has greatly deteriorated.
Greek card
One of the reasons for tensions between Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union became nezavualirovannoe support Tito, the Greek Communists, although Stalin was very displeased with this step, because he feared that it might lead to an increase in the region of military tension and confrontation with the capitalist countries. The Soviet leader urged the Yugoslav counterpart to cease to sponsor the Greek rebels, and he in turn listened to him, trying to pursue an independent policy.
Subsequently, who established in defiance of the Soviet Union, relations with the United States, Tito, under pressure from the Americans is still stopped to help the Greek Communists.
the Bulgarian lunge
Bulgaria, during the Second World war, surrendered to the mercy of the Germans and they provided their territory for the deployment of troops, was yet another stumbling block in Soviet-Yugoslav relations. The historian Konstantin Nikiforov notedchal that Tito, without informing the Soviet government, 7 August 1947 self-signed with Bulgarian leader Georgi Dimitrov, the agreement on friendship, cooperation and mutual assistance between the two countries. The wrath of Stalin was the fact that this document came into force before he began to act a peace Treaty concluded between the USSR and Bulgaria.
Trieste
Destroy the view of the dominant role of the USSR in the Communist world, Yugoslavia was set up to trip him, and the question of the status of Trieste. Without consultation with the Soviet leaders, Tito was doing personally to solve the problem of this disputed territory, attempting to revise the peace Treaty with Italy.
on the Evening of March 21, 1948 March, notifying his intentions chargé d’affaires of the USSR in Yugoslavia Dmitry Hermannova, Yugoslavia on the next day said the governments of Britain, France and the USA on the readiness to compromise regarding the fate of Trieste, and to conclude with the Italian authorities the Pact of friendship and non-aggression.
This unfriendly act and an unwillingness to consult with the Kremlin, Tito not only once again demonstrated to the world community its independent position, but also gave a signal to Western powers, that in some issues they can count on his support.
Disobedience Balkan Marshal was the cause of the break with the Soviet Union the Agreement on mutual consultations on important international issues, as well as reviews of Yugoslavia of Soviet army representatives.
In the same year Tito was deprived of a birthday greeting from the government of the USSR, and relations between the two countries is the abyss.
the Surprise for the Americans
the Defiance of Yugoslavia, which caused a split in the Communist camp, was a real surprise for the Western coalition. Initially, analysts believed the move Tito planned action of Kremlin, but then more and more began to be convinced that the Balkan country is simply out of the control of Stalin, and therefore, it can be regardedbut you need to use for their own purposes, aimed at undermining the global influence of the Soviet Union.
the American diplomat George Kennan called Tito “the most valuable asset in the struggle for containment and the weakening of Russian expansion”, which as a member of the Communist family, attacking her from the inside and destroys the joy of the West.
In this case the analyst is not advised politicians to accept the Yugoslav leader as a friend, because he did not renounce hostility towards the capitalist system of society. It is for this reason Belgrade cautiously drawn into the Western sphere of influence, each time receiving a signal that closer cooperation is possible only if the political regime changes.
However, this fact has not prevented the US to help Tito to remain in power and Yugoslavia sign a package of agreements concerning the settlement of economic issues.
questioning the ability of Stalin to keep his roster of allies in ideology, Yugoslavia has dealt a blow to the reputation of the Soviet Union, which on September 27, 1949 denounced concluded with her a Treaty of friendship, mutual assistance and cooperation.
Ashkhen Avanesova
Source:
© Russian Seven
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