History 30/01/20 What became of Belarusian partisans after the arrival of the red Army
the Soviet partisans, who fought against the Germans behind enemy lines, after the liberation of the occupied territories relied on a special status in the ranks of the red Army. But their hopes did not come true.
a Guerrilla parade
For three years of war, the guerrilla movement has become a huge scale. In Belarus there were 1108 units, which consisted of 370 thousand partisans. In the so-called “partisan ends” scattered throughout the country, established a special, semi-Autonomous orders. It all stopped almost overnight thanks to the success of the operation “Bagration”.
July 6, 1944, the partisans with red army entered Minsk. Within 10 days the city is contracted vigilantes from all parts of Belarus, Minsk surrounded the guerrilla camp.
“the streets traveled commanders of brigades, groups, scouts and messengers. Went tanned gay guys, girls and women with rifles and machine guns. I hear loud laughter was heard fight songs and the sounds of accordions,” recalled the Hero of the Soviet Union Stanislav Vaupshasov.
on 16 July in Minsk took place the famous partisan parade. However, with the joy of yesterday’s underground appeared questions. The invaders expelled from Belarus, the meaning of the existence of guerrilla units in its previous form is no more. What’s next?
Liquidation of the partisan movement
some guerrilla groups (in particular Jewish) that occurred on Soviet territory, continued to act independently and at the end of the war. For example, a detachment of Abba Kovner, who fought in Rudnickich the forests of Lithuania, went to the West, where its members have created the group “the Avengers” services in the massacre of Nazis.
Many of the Soviet partisans was disappointed. They hoped to continue the fight against Hitler in the previous part, but this right was given nota. For example, the legendary Sumy partisan unit under the command of Sydir Kovpak was transformed into the 1st Ukrainian partisan division, which was assigned to fight against Bandera.
the Main part of the partisan units were disbanded. Their personnel have got the opportunity to rest a little, and then had to join the ranks of the red Army.
“During the major Soviet offensive of 1944, German agents reported that guerrilla units, transferred to the red Army, instead of the expected recognition of their merit and privileged position got only a short break, and then was thrown to the front” – said in the book of historian John Armstrong, “Soviet partisans. The legend and the reality.”
the fate of Partizan
the Majority of former “forest fighters” were in military units as privates. According to statistics, for example, from 3149 partisans in Vinnytsia region in the Red Army was credited 2345 people. As for the rest, some of them waited for the GULAG. There is evidence that partisans actively checked SMERSH and face, which seemed unreliable security officers immediately “discarded”.
the commanders of the guerrilla units did not automatically become army officers. Instead, many of them were prepared for positions in the civilian world.
“Some of us were sent to the army, and others returned to civilian life – it, too, someone had to establish”, said Nikolay Afanasyev, the commander of the detachment, who fought at Leningrad.
People from the NKVD came back to the state security, party officials in the district committees and regional committees. It is noteworthy that the leaders who fought in the forests while retaining seniority and salary. Guerrilla past was necessary for a successful career. It is indicative, for example, the fate of the organizer of the partisan movement in the Bryansk region Alexey Bondarenko. Before the war he was the first Secretary of the Trubchevsk district Committee of the CPSU (b), and in 1944 returned to the party apparatus as the Secretary of the Bryansk regional Committee. Perhaps, strongly appease guerrilla commanders, the authorities tried to protect themselves from potential leaders unhappy people, already had experience in the underground war.
Timur Sagdiyev
Source:
© Russian Seven
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