History 22/02/20 the Norilsk uprising as the “Bandera” raised the biggest revolt in the Gulag
the Revolt of prisoners in Horlage called the biggest revolt in the history of existence of the Gulag in him, according to official figures, was attended by about 30 thousand prisoners of the special camp No. 2 (then called camp rock).
the convicts rebelled 70 days, and partially succeeded, soon Gorlag as a structural unit of the Gulag was disbanded.
Special treatment of “traitors”
History of special camp No. 2 (Mining camp, Gorlag) on the basis of the Norillag starts with spetspodrazdeleniya of the Council of Ministers of the USSR adopted in early 1948. According to this document, in special camps had to be convicted of crimes against the state – spies, saboteurs, terrorists. In addition, anarchists, nationalists and other anti-Soviet.
among others, were “Bandera”, they predominated among the national minorities-prisoners of Gorlag (more than half of the prisoners were Russian). “Bandera” called not only the obvious collaborators-immigrants from Western Ukraine, but their families, supporters – all of whom the court considered to be traitors in the liquidation of the Ukrainian nationalist movement “OUN*” (Ukrainian insurgent army fighters*).
For “traitors”, most of whom were convicted under the notorious 58th article of the criminal code of the RSFSR, in Horlage introduced special conditions: 10 – 12-hour mode of work, the rate of bread a day per person was barely over the limit of besieged Leningrad. The lack of food, vitamins and working clothes, excessive physical exertion and high level of morbidity, coupled with ill-treatment protection did stay in Horlage unbearable. Especially when you consider that on average, each prisoner had a 10 – to 15-year period.
That was the last straw
the Uprising that began in a special camp for “traitors” in may 1953 provoked the act of the guard, who shot from a machine of the fifth group of prisoners of the camp office. One of the seven wounded died. After 2 days the office in full strength did not come to work. Then comrades supported the rest of Lagotellerie. After a week on strike the whole Gorlag.
Striking raised over the barracks, the black banners with red stripes, symbolizing mourning for the dead. They demanded the arrival of the Moscow Commission, insisted on the revision of their cases and the introduction of the 8-hour working day, and also that they were allowed visits and correspondence with relatives. Partly the requirements of prisoners of Gorlag satisfied (removed the numbers from the prison and Rob allowed convicted visits and correspondence). Since the basic conditions were left unattended, the strike continued.
the Bloody suppression and the final decision
Some branches of the Gorlag in June everything started to work, but they began to arrest the ringleaders of the rebellion, and the revolt resumed with the same force. The camp administration to suppress the resistance of prisoners was taken the decision on the use of weapons. There is a new victim, further exacerbated the confrontation between the prisoners and authorities of the Norillag. By the way, the other camps were part of it, “Bandera” is not supported.
Rioters branch of the Gorlag took armed assault, which killed and injured dozens of people (there is evidence that during the uprising in the Mountain camp, killing at least 150 prisoners).
Intrepidity prisoners of Gorlag, however, played a role later in the year after the suppression of this particular camp was liquidated and two years later the greater part of his prisoners-political prisoners after reviewing their cases was released. The Norilsk uprising was a landmark event in the history of the Gulag, demonstrating the cannibalistic nature of the Soviet prison system – already in August 1956 the Norillag by order of the Minister of internal Affairs, the Soviet Union also ceased to exist.
*-General descriptiontion, is prohibited on the territory of the Russian Federation
Russian Seven
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