History 04/01/20 Army “Black Cat”: how war Belarusian partisans-traitors
Before his departure from Belarus in 1944, the German intelligence service has launched an operation “pet Cat”. According to the plan of the Nazis after their departure on the territory of the Soviet republics to create a network of clandestine groups whose aim was the violation of the rear communications of the advancing red Army. For the organization of the struggle, the volunteers received in the warehouses of the Wehrmacht weapons, ammunition, drugs and walkie-talkie.
the Organization of detachments of “Black Cat”
In Latvia, the Germans established a group of “Forest Cats”, Ukraine “wild cat”, in the Smolensk and Bryansk “Wild cat”. The largest and most efficient turned out to be the underground army of Belarus, dubbed “the Black cat”. By 1944, its troops acted in forests from Brest to Bryansk, and the total number of active fighters reached 4,500. A single management units was carried out by the headquarters located in Warsaw. It was headed by one of the organizers of the anti-Soviet resistance in Belarus — Vitushko Bulgakov.
At the end of the war, “Black cat” had attacked the prison from which liberated detainees collaborators and attacked local authorities. Not to set the population against itself, they avoided the demonstration executions. According to the report of the Institute of Belarusian history and culture prior to 1 July 1945, in the forests of the Republic was hiding from 10 to 30 thousand collaborators, some of whom continued to struggle against Soviet power.
“Black cats” after the defeat of Germany
According to the article “the Commanders of the Belarusian forest brothers” historian, Sergei Ruff, in September 1945 in Nalikom forest hosted a meeting of 40 heads of units “Black Cat”, among whom were commander Michael Vitushka. At the meeting they decided to continue the struggle, trying not to hurt civilians. Great attention would be given to the release prisoners from the national prisons. Émigré Newspapers wrote that in the spring of 1948 200 “black cats” became the city of Novogrudok and attacked, it is in the center of the special Department of the Ministry of state security of the USSR.
in the Autumn of the same year, they attacked the Soviet barracks in the town of Kobrin, Brest region. In this battle, they managed to release from prison of more than 200 Belarusian and Ukrainian collaborators. In September 1949 a group of underground fighters stormed the camp inmates in the outskirts of Minsk. “Black cats” was engaged in the mining of the bridge and the railway. Hunting party cadres Belarus, they derailed not only freight but also passenger trains.
the defeat of the motion
On the decline of the guerrilla resistance has gone, after January 1948, when the security officers in one battle killed 40 guerrillas and captured the head of the sector “Belarus-North”, Peter Gaevich. A month before, was killed by one of the leaders of the movement with the call sign “Sych”. In the spring of 1949 in a shootout with operatives of state security, was shot dead the leader of the sector “Belarus-the Centre” — Nicholas Hoshiko. After eliminating the leaders of the active army “the Black Cat” began to fall.
Many of the soldiers began to give up and go home. According to Belarusian historians, and a Ruff of Hump, to the early 50’s in the ranks was no more than 300 fighters. Part the implacable opponents of the Soviet regime brought in 1952 through Poland into Germany itself Vitushko. The fighting continued only a group Ihara Eugene, who died in 1955. According to the archives of the Ministry of state security of the USSR, individual cases of murders of activists and the burning of the village lasted until the end of 50 years.
Alexander Brazhnik
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